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If you are a businessman, you keep a lot of information in your office. Information such as business strategies, and business secrets would be included in the information that you keep inside your office. This is why you want to secure this information and keep it confidential in order to have the edge against your competitors. Leaking information can mean disaster and in some cases, it meant losing a lot of money and risking bankruptcy.
This is why you should secure all these information inside your office. Today, most information is filed inside a computer. Because of this, you need a kind of software that will allow you to safely secure all of your business information inside your computer. Software such as anti-hacking, anti-virus, anti-spyware and others are essential.
However, you will also share information through a tool called the telephone. As much as possible, you would want some form of security in order to prevent eavesdroppers from listening to your phone conversations.
Today, because of the advancement of technology, VoIP is gaining more popular than ever before. VoIP is a very promising tool that will enable your business to be more productive and be more efficient than ever before. Like the conventional telephone, VoIP is simply another kind of telephone but more advanced. Unlike regular telephones, VoIP offers cheaper long distance calls, and free features that will usually cost a lot of money in conventional telephones. Features such as three-way calling, audio conferencing, video conferencing, text messaging, call waiting and other features are provided in VoIP for free as a standard feature.
With this kind of advantage, no wonder more and more businesses are getting rid of their conventional telephone and are hooking up with VoIP. First of all, you may ask how VoIP made it possible. This is because VoIP is connected to the internet. As most people know, the internet provides data exchange for free. This means that VoIP uses the same technology to transmit and receive audio signals.
Because VoIP transmits and receives data signals through the internet, it is completely in digital format. This means that your voice will be clearer, sharper and reach the other line at a much faster rate than a conventional telephone.
Recently, Wireless VoIP is now getting more and more popular. With a Wi-Fi connection, it is now possible for you to call whoever you want with your Wireless VoIP phone anywhere you want as long as it is in the range of a Wi-Fi signal. Wi-Fi phones are now popping out of the market and are fast gaining popularity. Besides, it would be a lot more convenient to take and make calls in a tool that resembles a lot like a phone than setting your laptop up in a Wi-Fi hotspot to take and make calls from VoIP.
However, because the technology is wireless, there will be some questions about security. Obviously, you don?t want someone eavesdropping on your Wi-Fi phone conversation via VoIP. This is why you should install a program in your Wi-Fi that authenticates a user by requesting a user name and password for them to access the signal and get into the network. There are also Wi-Fi IP phones available that is integrated with privacy software that will not let anyone listen on the conversation.
Encryption devices are widely available today. These kinds of devices are also available in Wi-Fi technology. You should try and get these encryption devices to secure your Wi-Fi connection and prevent anyone from the outside getting inside your office network. To increase security, you can also install a firewall in your Wi-Fi network. It is widely available and is a very effective tool to prevent hackers to eavesdrop in your office via the wireless network.
Choose a Wi-Fi VoIP phone that is integrated with security features, such as encryption and privacy software. It may be more expensive than standard Wi-Fi VoIP phones, but it will be worth it.
Always remember that your business will depend on the information you share or you get from outside sources. Securing this asset is one of the ways to protect your business. Remember this and you will be well on your way to protect your business.
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Honey is considered the most identified apicultural item, it is just a compound which the bees deliver through a complex process of elaboration, the place they absorb the nectar and deposit it within their abdomen, then return on the beehive to provide it, throwing up repeated occasions; this way ferments, acid and albumen are added on the nectar. It is made up of a lot of the important mineral features that our method needs. There have previously been identified, within the honey, a lot more than 180 unique dietary substances.
The beekeeping is an extremely outdated activity. Evidences from Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece illustrate historical beekeeping as well as the honey can be stated within the Bible. It absolutely was viewed as sacred, and was also accustomed to pay out taxes and debts. Moreover all of this, it absolutely was accustomed to draw and paint as well. Honey is made up of proteins, important minerals and vitamins. It is just a meals of elevated vitality and is also also identified because of its medicinal and therapeutic belongings. Honey can be a meals of easy digestion and enthusiastically assimilated by individuals, constituting a healthier source of vitality.
Honey consumed as meals is significant for the stability with the biological process of the organism. It is made up of glucose and fructose, which goes immediately into your blood, getting an energetic item. Honey may be used as meals, to be a healthy sweetener and as medication. Soon after some time of use, it assists within the regulate of rheumatism and arthritis, prevents all types of respiratory diseases and will help within the digestion. Honey can be employed within the pores and skin and is also an ingredient for some shampoos. It is actually employed thoroughly within the cosmetic marketplace as well (creams, cleanness facemasks, tonics, and so on.) as a result of its astringent and softening features.
Eating honey will enhance your excellent of everyday living, since it stimulates and increases bodily resistance; it really is a little bit sedative, discouraging insomnias; it will help within the healing, it really is anti-septic, digestive and laxative, supporting within the treatment solution of gastritis; it really is an expectorant fighting the cough, also of smokers. Used externally, it hastens the healing of wounds and slight burnings, moreover hydrating the pores and skin.
With honey ?? and nothing at all else ??, Nigerian medical practitioners had been equipped to remedy severe wounds, burnings and ulcers of pores and skin in fifty nine patients, which had been submitted beforehand to conventional treatment options with antibiotics without any satisfying final results. Very first, the medical practitioners gathered samples with the wounds to become analyzed in laboratory. The outcome had demonstrated which the infections had been attributable to widespread bacteria ?? consequently a lot more resistant ?? since the Pseudomonad, identified frequently in infections. Soon after that, the honey was utilized within the contaminated pores and skin. One particular week later, no micro organism appeared within the laboratory examinations. To the motive that it really is a little bit acid, extremely viscous and absorbs drinking water, the honey cleaned the wounds, diminished their size and shielded them from new infections. Based on the Nigerian medical practitioners, honey also has the residence of becoming a bactericidal agent.
It?s been indicated to forestall, regulate or remedy the next diseases:
?? Respiratory conditions ?? Cramps ?? Intestinal disturbances ?? Digestive disturbances ?? Throat irritation ?? Urinary irritation ?? Discomfort with the eyes ?? Dental caries ?? Diseases with the liver ?? Rheumatic pains ?? Bodily fatigue ?? Insomnia ?? Skin melt away ?? Abdomen ulcer, and so on.
The flavour, aroma and colour with the honey differ according to its botanical origin, in accordance when using the flowers from the place the bee has eliminated the nectar to produce it. The climate, humidity and in some cases the altitude will interfere in these traits with the honey. Commonly, the obvious honey offers weak flavour and aroma. The honey of darker coloration is richer in proteins and minerals.
Here goes an suggestions: honey fattens significantly less than sugar. 1 tea-spoon or 5g of honey = sixteen,4kcal. It is also the best choice for athletes. Biologists concluded that honey would be the very best source of carbohydrates and vitality for athletes and mature persons.
Regardless of food or beverages, chinese herbs will always be part of it. Start your chinese herbs meals today.
Posted: Sat May 19, 2012 7:03 pm?? ?Post subject: long term relationships - how to deal w them
this is a bit long, i know, but bare with me.
i have a spectrum disorder/aspergers. i've been dating my boyfriend for over 4 years. we've recently been having a really hard time. he's really sarcastic and it comes off as mean to me a lot, but he doesn't mean it always. and then since i think he's being serious, i get upset. and i'm a little bit over emotional because of different stuff in my life (not just this relationship stuff), so i'm taking things very personally and just break down.
i don't know if we're having a hard time because of our circumstances (broke and living in his parents basement, who are not very nice people and not very welcoming to us or me in particular) and that it's just straining our relationship...?
or because there's actually something wrong. i'm paranoid that he doesn't like me anymore.
i also caught him in a pretty huge huge lie that hurt me tremendously, so there's some serious trust issues on top of everything.
i just can't tell what's going on because although he's not on the spectrum, he's not good at communicating his feelings towards people - affection especially, which makes it confusing for me because i don't know how he's feeling.
is this.... "normal" ???
how do other people deal with non-aspie significant others?
is it worth trying to work this out?
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blueroses radioactive
Joined: Feb 11, 2007 Age: 29 Posts: 1260 Location: Lancaster, PA
Posted: Sat May 19, 2012 7:18 pm?? ?Post subject:
It's pretty commonplace for people to experience those types of problems in relationships, so I guess you could say that it's normal in that sense. But, I think it's not really as important to worry about whether or not a relationship is normal as much as it's important to worry about whether or not it's healthy. And, if he's hurting you and you cannot trust him, those don't sound like healthy dynamics.
If you care about him, it might be worth trying to work out. The thing is, though, that both of you need to be willing to work on it. Have you talked with him about how you feel?
Also, you mentioned he lied to you and that there are trust issues as a result. Do you feel comfortable sharing what he lied to you about?
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BlueMax Velociraptor
Joined: Aug 28, 2007 Posts: 460
Posted: Sat May 19, 2012 7:24 pm?? ?Post subject:
Hard to say what "normal" is, Aspie or not! Still - it doesn't sounds like a good situation and you're certainly not happy with it!
Have you been able to talk to him about all this - tell him your thoughts and feelings on the subject and what you might like in order to change them? Was he at all receptive or barely conscious?
If you want something better and he's completely unwilling to go there as a couple.... well... you have a difficult, crappy choice. Stay and make the best of it, or move on to something else on your own. (I'm sure other options exist that I'm simply unaware of.)
Best wishes - I hope things improve. I can't stress enough how important FULL COMMUNICATION really is!
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OddFiction Phoenix
Joined: Aug 10, 2010 Posts: 896 Location: In my favourite chair, in front of my laptop, and watching a movie I've seen 1000 times, Canada.
Posted: Sat May 19, 2012 7:58 pm?? ?Post subject:
1. Sarcasm / Joking: Sit him down and drill it into his mind that you have issues understanding his tone and aren't always sure about his statements. Suggest that you aren't asking him to stop using sarcasm (etc) - you don't want to change him any - but you need more obvious indicators. Suggest that when he jokes, it might be good to pull his earlobe (or whatever you guys agreee on) and YOU will tug YOUR earlobe if you are in a position where you need to know if he's joking, and don't want to ask outright.... he can tug his in response if he's joking, or shake his head if you need to take him serious.
2. BIG LIES are dangerous. Depending on the severity and the importance of what he lied about, and if it was an outright lie or just something he failed to mention (which can be lesser or greater importance than the first, depending) ... anyhow... that's so,mething you'll eityher have to detail for us or figure out sseverity on your own.
3. Yeah. when the parents are iffy about you and you live in thier house... that IS a stress on the relationship. Make sure you up the number of things you guys do TOGETHER, and AWAY from the parents. Bond.
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Bloodheart Phoenix
Joined: Jan 18, 2011 Age: 29 Posts: 1756 Location: Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Posted: Sat May 19, 2012 8:16 pm?? ?Post subject:
Sounds like you're in a similar situation to mine;
I'm AS and I believe my partner has ADD - we've been together 4 years and 4 months.
I'm unemployed and he works, we can't afford to live together but I live in a horrible local authority flat and my boyfriend lives with his father who is a vile human being thus my boyfriend has developed OCD. We're both struggling financially, as I'm unemployed I'm obviously under stress and he's under stress due to his financial obligations, as he works it means we're not equals in the relationship. My boyfriends ADD behaviour triggers off my problems; e.g. he drums on things and the vibrations trigger off my sensory issues, in turn making me highly strung, he then gets annoyed that I'm so highly strung...or worse I spend all day getting wound-up ending in my being annoyed or having a meltdown (it's gotten to the point that I needed to go on antidepressants to ease my anxiety). My boyfriend is paranoid about other men, a while ago I discovered he'd been reading my IM's, so we have trust issues too.
All I can say is that your situation is perhaps not unusual - for any relationship - you're being on the spectrum can add more problems, however it's not necessarily the main problem you should be focusing on. Chances are you are like me; you're more emotional because your current stressful situation is making your problems worse and you maybe feel trapped by your current situation. Maybe you're only trying to save this relationship because you feel you have no options being without a home, maybe if it's possible you should try to get away for a while to re-adjust yourself and take a break from your partner just for the sake of your own sanity.
You need to find a way of explaining that to your partner, it is easier said than done as I myself am struggling to make my issues clear with my partner and the stress of our situation is just making matters worse. Perhaps try writing things down to try to explain to him or show him this thread if you're feeling especially brave, try to avoid blame but explain to him what the problems are and that you want to work them out - maybe leave this with him while you go for a walk to calm down before going home to talk. The issue of the lie however...it depends how big a lie and if it's a deal breaker for you - only YOU can decide if it's worth trying to save this relationship. _________________ Bloodheart
Everything has beauty, but not everyone sees it.
Last edited by Bloodheart on Sat May 19, 2012 8:27 pm; edited 2 times in total
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JanuaryMan Phoenix
Joined: Jan 02, 2012 Age: 27 Posts: 526 Location: Southampton, UK
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thankyoubutno Emu Egg
Joined: Jan 31, 2008 Posts: 4 Location: NY
Posted: Sat May 19, 2012 9:17 pm?? ?Post subject:
whew. first off, thanks. i'm not really able to talk about any of this with anyone (besides my boyfriend, of course. which i try to do).
he does know i'm having a "problem" with our relationship. he pretty much knows all the details on i think everything because i had a huge meltdown yesterday and i was actually able to speak and articulate my self more than i usual can. and he is actually very receptive. he might not understand what i go through or relate to how my mind works, but he really does try. the problem is when he gets frustrated by it. and i think a lot of our problems stem from bad communication - my issues (obvious reasons + a bit of stubbornness) and like i said, he doesn't like to talk about feelings much and is also just as stubborn if not more so than i am. so we end up butting heads. and it ends with a meltdown and a fight and then being able to go through it and talk about it and get some sort of closure.
but then, i'm always left wondering after them...
i guess i have trust issues. but not just with him so i don't know if that means anything.
i guess i just need to decide if i want this to work or not..... and i think i do want it to work. but i want us to be happy! i think our situation sucks so much (very similar to yours, Bloodheart). we think we've found a situation with some friends and we'll be able to move, but it's still up in the air.
but also, for me, and i don't know if this is a spectrum thing or not, - i'm not really sure what "love" is all about. i know i love my mom and my dad and other close family, and my old cat (haha), but... i know i like him. i know i like being near him, doing things with him, sleeping next to him, kissing him, etc. etc. and it's really hard to picture a future without him in it. so i guess i love him? it's just so hard to say though.
now i'm rambling. this should probably have gone in the "emotionally unstable" category instead of relationships!
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Pinkbubble Emu Egg
Joined: May 16, 2012 Age: 33 Posts: 3 Location: New york
There are certain individuals who do not have enough understanding regarding hemorrhoids. Therefore, there are specific individuals who experience hemorrhoids and are also unable to prevent or take care of it since they are not aware of the way to search for symptoms and find out what causes their pain.
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Hemorrhoids are bulging or widen veins in the rectum and anus that is due to the elevated strain in the anal veins. It?s usually due to the straining throughout a bowel movement or in pregnancy. According to statistics, fifty to seventy-five percent of all Americans get this health condition. For this reason, you have to understand the fundamental facts concerning hemorrhoid treatment, causes, and elimination.
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Typical Reasons for Hemorrhoids
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Hemorrhoids could happen at any moment. Even so, it is often typical for seniors. Younger individuals are furthermore in danger of developing these kinds of ailment, and even pregnant women due to the strain due to the enlarge uterus. Also, it is typical for women who have recently given birth. Also, there are a few households who are suffering from hemorrhoidal issues. This kind of medical condition comes from an increased stress from the veins of the rectal or anus veins. The strain brings about the veins to swell thus they turn out to be very agonizing and it could even cause bleeding. Hemorrhoids could be caused by a variety of variables but among them are:
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? Sitting for very long durations
? Constipation and diarrhea
? Coughing, sneezing, and vomiting
? Anal infection
? Overweight and having sedentary life
? Cirrhosis of the liver
? Low-fiber eating habits
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Self -Medication: Hemorrhoid Cure
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If a person is being affected by this condition, he or she must look for hemorrhoid cure or treatment options to ease their indications, pain, and soreness. There are many self-medication methods that you can carry out in order to alleviate the condition.
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Improvement in diet plan. The best hemorrhoid treatment would be to increase ones fluid intake and raise the dietary fiber. Doing so will assist to minimize the chances of struggling with constipation and can minimize the stress on the anal and rectum area throughout a bowel movement. This would in return decrease the swelling, bleeding, and discomfort experienced the person.
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Exercise. It is important to have a dynamic way of life and prevent having a non-active life. Exercise can help reduce constipation and will lessen the stress of the hemorrhoidal veins. Doing this can even help to improve the bowel movement of any individual. It is also best to instantly deal with the need to defecate to avoid pushing with a bowel movement.
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Use stool softeners. Stool softeners also may help in easing the stress throughout bowel movement and could assist in preventing irritation and swelling. Even so, if a person suffers from hemorrhoids at the present, liquid stools might increase the inflammation and will also invade the rectum.
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Self-medication can assist provide a quick hemorrhoid remedy. Yet, it is always preferable to contact a health care provider when hemorrhoid symptoms do not improve despite the treatment at home. The health care provider can provide appropriate diagnosis for the hemorrhoid indications.
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Related posts:
Is There A Cure For Hemmoroids?
Advice About The Leading Causes Of Hemorrhoid Flare Ups
Ways To Get Rid Of Hemorrhoids If They Appear
Hemorrhoid Knowledge That Everybody Will Want To Know About
ANY teenage boy will confirm that older boys make it impossible to get the girls. Young male orang-utans with the same problem have a unique and unexpected solution: they don't grow up until they are strong enough to challenge the dominant males.
Male orang-utans can reproduce from around age 15, but in order to attract a mate they also have to develop secondary sexual characteristics - the equivalent of men growing chest hair. These include conspicuous cheek flanges. Yet Sumatran orang-utans often delay acquiring flanges, sometimes for over 10 years. No other primates do this, not even Bornean orang-utans.
Gauri Pradhan of the University of South Florida in Tampa and colleagues noted another difference between the species: unlike Bornean males, Sumatran males can monopolise females for weeks at a time. Pradhan built mathematical models of orang-utan populations from decades of field data, and varied the extent to which males could monopolise females. She found that males that could delay maturation did better when a few males controlled all the females. They gradually built up physical strength until they were capable of deposing the dominant males, at which point they matured (American Journal of Physical Anthropology, DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22079). The model is simple yet solid, says Madeleine Hardus of the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands.
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Definition of internet marketing is an activity to market a product or service using internet media, including in it such as email and wireless networks.
Development of Internet marketing for online business very rapidly, because the internet is more pressing expenses. many businesses that now begin to look to the internet as a place to attract the market.
The knowledge base about internet marketing 1. target market, you need to know who the target market wants your product or service offered. eg start with a smaller scope (this contributes to the number of competitors). the greater the scope to be covered, meaning the greater the competition.
2. website design, you need to decorate your website according to what you offer. and make it easy in its navigation system.
3. Promotion, is related to the strategy of what to use to promote your product.
of the three things above, you need an in-depth research. now many companies offering internet marketing services.
internet marketing promises great profit, because the products that you offer to have evolved to a larger scope of target market.
The banking system is starting to clear out shadow inventory and nationwide, prices are inching closer to a nominal bottom.? It is important to understand how crucial a healthy housing market is for the stability of household balance sheets.? Most Americans derive the bulk of their net worth from housing.? The fact that nearly 10,000,000 Americans are underwater is a major drag for the economy moving forward.? Goldman Sachs recently released a study looking at the housing market and attempted to analyze a bottom in regards to the homeownership rate.? One of their major key figures dragging the rate lower was of course, the shadow inventory.? Certainly banks can leak out properties via a variety of mechanism through short sales, REOs, rent-to-own programs, and bulk sales to big investors.? The ?throw everything at the wall? approach is likely to be the status quo for the housing market moving forward.
Homeownership forecast bottom at 2014
The drag of distressed inventory is definitely being felt in the homeownership arena.? Think about what is happening right now.? Over a decade of stagnant income and weak employment growth has created a major gap in the demand for housing.? On one side, you have new household formation but many younger families are less affluent than the big baby boomer cohort that owns a good portion of current housing.? The younger families are demanding lower priced homes and baby boomers are looking to cash out at higher prices.? The gap is created especially with so many legacy loans still priced at face value peak prices.? The report put out by Goldman Sachs understands this drag being created by the shadow inventory:
In other words, the biggest pull to the downside for the next three years is going to be the shadow inventory.? So let us review the mechanisms in which shadow inventory is being cleared out:
-1.? Short sales
-2.? REOs
-3.? Rent-to-own programs
-4.? Bulk sales to investors
-5.? Controlled low rate mortgage programs to help aid people underwater (i.e., HARP 2.0 etc)
All these programs essentially are part of the buffet to rectify the value disconnection brought on by the housing bubble.? Yet where does the income or employment growth come from?? The demographic question is important and crucial to understand.? We also have data that simply does not measure reality.? For example, in the latest data the California unemployment rate fell from 11 to 10.9 percent but in the process lost 4,200 jobs.? This happens because people are dropping out of the labor force.? Did the pool of qualified potential home buyers just increase?? Unlikely.? This is why with interest rates in the insane 3% range home values are still just bouncing along the bottom and sales are simply moving sideways.
With a bottom in 2014 we would be back to the homeownership rate last seen 20 years ago:
Is this a positive development?? Since the Great Depression housing has been the bedrock for wealth for most Americans deep into retirement.? So this decline is likely to make it tougher for most to build wealth since very few Americans actually own any sizable amount of stocks or bonds for that matter.? Even at the 2014 estimated bottom, some 64 percent of Americans will be considered homeowners.? That is a sizable portion but lower from where we are even today.? At retirement many can rest assured (assuming they paid off their mortgage) that their home is now fully owned or can go for a reverse mortgage if they are on the verge of eating off the dollar menu at McDonalds.? It is troubling that the projections for Social Security not being able to pay out full benefits hits when many of these younger buyers will enter into their own retirement although their rate of paying into the system is the highest on record.? The scary thing is that as we enter the peak of baby boomer retirements, the housing market is at its nadir in terms of price:
Real home prices adjusting for inflation are back to levels last seen in 1997.? Japan has faced over two lost decades and we are well into our second lost decade in terms of prices and homeownership rates.? Obviously each market is unique in its own respects and the above is merely looking at the nation as a whole.? For well over a year I have mentioned that it is likely that nationwide we are reaching a bottom with the median home price being $163,000 and the typical household pulling in $50,000.? Historically this seems to work fine and given current mortgage rates, there are many good deals to be had across the country.? Yet many areas including many cities in California are still in micro-bubbles.
The comparison with Japan is apt in the following ways:
-Quantitative easing and major central bank action to keep interest rates artificially low after a housing bubble
-Younger less affluent generation needing to support older generation
-Home values losing a decade or more of worth (real adjusted prices)
Every country is different obviously but this push for a lower homeownership rate is going to come because of lingering distressed inventory but also, a new home buyer that is less affluent than the previous baby boomer generation.? Is it any wonder why so many young college graduates and younger folks are moving back home with mom and dad after being on their own?? Many of these actually are working in part-time gigs pulling in some income but certainly not enough to buy a home and in many cases, not even enough to rent a place of their own.? The above charts merely reflect this sobering trend.
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Using graphene, scientists develop a less toxic way to rust-proof steelPublic release date: 18-May-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Charlotte Hsu chsu22@buffalo.edu 716-645-4655 University at Buffalo
Nontoxic composite under development at UB could replace commonly used toxic coatings
BUFFALO, N.Y. -- University at Buffalo researchers are making significant progress on rust-proofing steel using a graphene-based composite that could serve as a nontoxic alternative to coatings that contain hexavalent chromium, a probable carcinogen.
In the scientists' first experiments, pieces of steel coated with the high-tech varnish remained rust-free for only a few days when immersed continuously in saltwater, an environment that accelerates corrosion.
By adjusting the concentration and dispersion of graphene within the composite, the researchers increased to about a month the amount of time the treated steel can survive in brine. (Because brine is an extremely harsh environment, the coated steel's survival time in the real-world would be many times longer.)
The UB chemists leading the project are Sarbajit Banerjee, PhD, an assistant professor, and Robert Dennis, a PhD student. Their next step is to use a $50,000 grant from the New York State Pollution Prevention Institute to enhance the graphene composite's lasting power, as well as the quality of its finish.
See a video interview with Dennis: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XIoKp14Cro.
Tata Steel, an international company that has provided past funding for Banerjee's projects, has been helping the scientists test larger sample sizes, Banerjee said.
Bringing the coating to the market could not only benefit public health, but also save jobs, said Dennis and Banerjee.
"Our product can be made to work with the existing hardware of many factories that specialize in chrome electroplating, including job shops in Western New York that grew around Bethlehem Steel," Banerjee said. "This could give factories a chance to reinvent themselves in a healthy way in a regulatory environment that is growing increasingly harsh when it comes to chromium pollution."
Graphene, the thinnest and strongest material known to man, consists of a single layer of carbon atoms linked in a honeycomb-like arrangement.
The material's hydrophobic and conductive properties may help prevent corrosion, repelling water and stunting electro-chemical reactions that transform iron into iron oxide, or rust, Banerjee said.
UB's Office of Science, Technology Transfer and Economic Outreach (STOR) has submitted a provisional patent application to protect the coating Banerjee and Dennis are refining. As sponsors of the research and due to inventive contribution by Tata employees, Tata Steel also has certain rights to the technology.
"Tata Steel has always displayed leadership in motivating innovative research and product development by leveraging partnerships with universities. UB has been one of our choices for cutting-edge coatings technology development on steel substrate," said Debashish Bhattacharjee, PhD, Tata Steel's group director for Research, Development and Technology.
"The development of an environmentally friendly alternative to hexavalent chromium would truly revolutionize this sector," said Anahita Williamson, PhD, director of the New York State Pollution Prevention Institute (NYSP2I), a research and technology transfer center funded by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. "The metals plating industry identified this as a high-priority research project and NYSP2I is excited to support UB researchers in their efforts to develop solutions."
The New York State Pollution Prevention Institute, headquartered at Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), is a partnership between RIT, Clarkson University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, UB and the state's network of Regional Technology Development Centers.
Banerjee, a materials chemist, has worked closely with industry and STOR to commercialize his research since joining UB in 2007.
In addition to his work on graphene, Banerjee has spoken to companies in the building materials industry about his research on vanadium oxide, a synthetic compound that could be used in "smart" windows that reflect heat from the sun only on hot days.
"UB 2020, our university's long-range plan, asks faculty to take an active role in translational research, and our rust-proofing project is an example of research that benefits communities on both a global and local scale," Banerjee said.
###
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Using graphene, scientists develop a less toxic way to rust-proof steelPublic release date: 18-May-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Charlotte Hsu chsu22@buffalo.edu 716-645-4655 University at Buffalo
Nontoxic composite under development at UB could replace commonly used toxic coatings
BUFFALO, N.Y. -- University at Buffalo researchers are making significant progress on rust-proofing steel using a graphene-based composite that could serve as a nontoxic alternative to coatings that contain hexavalent chromium, a probable carcinogen.
In the scientists' first experiments, pieces of steel coated with the high-tech varnish remained rust-free for only a few days when immersed continuously in saltwater, an environment that accelerates corrosion.
By adjusting the concentration and dispersion of graphene within the composite, the researchers increased to about a month the amount of time the treated steel can survive in brine. (Because brine is an extremely harsh environment, the coated steel's survival time in the real-world would be many times longer.)
The UB chemists leading the project are Sarbajit Banerjee, PhD, an assistant professor, and Robert Dennis, a PhD student. Their next step is to use a $50,000 grant from the New York State Pollution Prevention Institute to enhance the graphene composite's lasting power, as well as the quality of its finish.
See a video interview with Dennis: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XIoKp14Cro.
Tata Steel, an international company that has provided past funding for Banerjee's projects, has been helping the scientists test larger sample sizes, Banerjee said.
Bringing the coating to the market could not only benefit public health, but also save jobs, said Dennis and Banerjee.
"Our product can be made to work with the existing hardware of many factories that specialize in chrome electroplating, including job shops in Western New York that grew around Bethlehem Steel," Banerjee said. "This could give factories a chance to reinvent themselves in a healthy way in a regulatory environment that is growing increasingly harsh when it comes to chromium pollution."
Graphene, the thinnest and strongest material known to man, consists of a single layer of carbon atoms linked in a honeycomb-like arrangement.
The material's hydrophobic and conductive properties may help prevent corrosion, repelling water and stunting electro-chemical reactions that transform iron into iron oxide, or rust, Banerjee said.
UB's Office of Science, Technology Transfer and Economic Outreach (STOR) has submitted a provisional patent application to protect the coating Banerjee and Dennis are refining. As sponsors of the research and due to inventive contribution by Tata employees, Tata Steel also has certain rights to the technology.
"Tata Steel has always displayed leadership in motivating innovative research and product development by leveraging partnerships with universities. UB has been one of our choices for cutting-edge coatings technology development on steel substrate," said Debashish Bhattacharjee, PhD, Tata Steel's group director for Research, Development and Technology.
"The development of an environmentally friendly alternative to hexavalent chromium would truly revolutionize this sector," said Anahita Williamson, PhD, director of the New York State Pollution Prevention Institute (NYSP2I), a research and technology transfer center funded by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. "The metals plating industry identified this as a high-priority research project and NYSP2I is excited to support UB researchers in their efforts to develop solutions."
The New York State Pollution Prevention Institute, headquartered at Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), is a partnership between RIT, Clarkson University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, UB and the state's network of Regional Technology Development Centers.
Banerjee, a materials chemist, has worked closely with industry and STOR to commercialize his research since joining UB in 2007.
In addition to his work on graphene, Banerjee has spoken to companies in the building materials industry about his research on vanadium oxide, a synthetic compound that could be used in "smart" windows that reflect heat from the sun only on hot days.
"UB 2020, our university's long-range plan, asks faculty to take an active role in translational research, and our rust-proofing project is an example of research that benefits communities on both a global and local scale," Banerjee said.
###
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
For the G8 summit, Obama unveils a promise by private firms to invest $3 billion in raising Africa's farm productivity. Many young Africans, dubbed 'cheetahs,' are posed for effective private investment.
By the Monitor's Editorial Board / May 18, 2012
Lilian Kayes prepares to clean her cooking utensils in Kenya's capital Nairobi. As the world looks for ways to boost food production by at least 70 percent by 2050 to feed an increasingly hungry planet, many people are looking to sub-Saharan Africa ? a region with 50 to 60 percent of the planet's unused arable land.
Noor Khamis/Reuters
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Africans have long accepted the world?s view of Africa ? a place with too many problems to expect much and constantly in need of charity. But in the past decade, many Africans have rejected this tyranny of low expectations.
Dubbed ?the cheetah generation,? they are the millions of young and educated entrepreneurs who are ready to pounce on opportunities for growth ? much like Asians who created that region?s ?tiger economies? in the 1960s.
These cheetahs will be one of the main topics at this weekend?s Group of Eight summit in what has become a yearly discussion about what wealthy countries can do for the world?s poorest continent. On the table this year is an initiative from the United States that brings together 45 companies that have promised to invest $3 billion on agricultural projects in six African countries.
Is Africa now ripe for economic takeoff? That can be hard to see when more than half of the people in sub-Saharan Africa still live on less than $1.25 a day.
Yet the continent is now the world?s eighth-largest economy and also has the youngest in population. Since the 1990s, Africans have seen positive trends in democracy, debt reduction, and the use of ?leapfrog? technologies like cellphones and renewable energy.
Africa also has most of the world?s arable land. The US initiative is aimed at reaching those cheetahs who will raise farm productivity and turn subsistence farmers into commercial ones.
Private investment may be the best way to tap into the mental shift among young Africans who are now demanding more transparency and accountability in government ? and less corruption. In Nigeria, for example, agriculture is 40 percent of the economy, yet it receives only 1 percent of bank loans. Private companies, both African and non-African, may be better able to invest in this sector by finding young farmers willing to upgrade their production.
The well-targeted US initiative aims to reach 50 million people in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Mozambique, and Tanzania. If these countries can ensure food security for their people and raise their trade in agriculture, that could lay the economic foundation for investments in other industries.
That was the model in Asia: Upgrade farming first, and then channel the profits of agriculture into manufacturing. Government provided the structure, but confident and educated entrepreneurs drove the concept.
A half century ago, Africa was a food exporter. But something happened after it shed colonial rule. Now Africans are finding their confidence. The cheetahs are ready to run.
CAMP DAVID, Md. (AP) ? President Barack Obama and leaders of other major industrial powers grappled Friday with options to solidify world resolve against development of an Iranian nuclear bomb and encourage a more forceful response to worsening violence in Syria.
Obama will have the ear of key players on both issues during back-to-back G-8 and NATO summits that will be dominated with discussions of European economic woes and Afghanistan. Talks about Syria and Iran will be aimed directly and indirectly at Russia, a sometime protector of both Iran and Syria and the chief blockade to such U.S. goals as an arms embargo on Syria.
The gatherings come in the shadow of the eurozone debt crisis and plummeting public support for the war in Afghanistan. Political and economic chaos in Greece and Spain underscored just how fragile Europe's economy remains after an eviscerating austerity regime. Germany's finance minister predicted Friday that the crisis could last up to another two years.
Most of the leaders are part of overlapping international coalitions formed to address the Iranian nuclear problem and the newer crisis in Syria, where an estimated 9,000 people have died in more than a year of violence that arose from the pro-democracy Arab uprisings.
Faced with implacable Russian opposition to significant new United Nations punishments on the Syrian regime of President Bashar Assad, U.S. officials are trying to get consensus among other allies about ways to promote Assad's ouster.
A senior U.S. official said one goal of Friday's closed-door discussion at the secluded presidential retreat in Camp David, Md., was to impress on Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev that other nations that share Russia's usual role at the forefront of international diplomacy are seeking ways to address the Syria debacle without Russian help.
Obama greeted each leader by name, calling Medvedev "my friend," before the group went inside for dinner.
The United States wants to avoid escalating a confrontation with Moscow over Syria, the official said, but wants Medvedev to hear the depth of international outrage. The official spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss internal diplomacy.
A senior Obama administration official said Friday night that the Group of Eight leaders unified behind a dual track effort of sanctions and diplomacy toward Iran and agreed to focus on political transition in Syria.
The eight leaders gathered for a dinner of more than two hours in the secluded woods of Camp David, the presidential retreat in Maryland's Catoctin Mountains.
The official spoke on the condition of anonymity to share details of the private session.
Russia is a partner with the United States and European nations in containing Iran's nuclear program, although with China it has blocked the most severe penalties the United Nations Security Council might impose. A U.N.-affiliated negotiating group including Russia will meet with Iranian officials next week in Baghdad, Iraq.
On Iran, the U.S. official said each of the leaders, including Medvedev, indicated that Iran has the burden of proving that its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes.
As for Syria, the official said the leaders continued to back the peace plan brokered by special envoy Kofi Annan brokered in April, including its call for political transition. But they did not go beyond that.
U.S. officials say the economic pressure of sanctions is key to drawing Iran back to the bargaining table this spring after a long hiatus.
"Each member of the G-8 is a core member of this sanctions effort," White House national security adviser Thomas Donilon said Thursday. "Each member has been absolutely essential to really putting in place what has been an extraordinarily effective and, I think most people would say, surprisingly effective sanctions effort."
Iran says it is enriching only to create nuclear fuel. Its refusal to halt enrichment has provoked U.N. and other sanctions, including U.S. and European Union penalties meant to cripple its oil exports ? its main revenue source ? that are to fully take effect in a few weeks.
"The message will be that the Iranians should seize this opportunity" for talks, Donilon said. "And while this goes on, in parallel, the sanctions and pressure effort will continue, led by the United States and the others who will be at the table on Friday evening."
Syria is a much harder case, in part because Russia and China oppose U.N. action that could set a precedent for outside interference in internal ethnic or human rights matters, and partly because there is no international appetite for a military confrontation with Assad.
Syrian forces on Friday fired on protesters holding the largest opposition marches yet in Aleppo, a sign of rising anti-regime sentiment in the country's biggest city, which has largely remained supportive of President Bashar Assad throughout the 15-month uprising.
The head of the U.N. observer mission in Syria warned that neither his team nor armed action could solve the country's crisis, and called on all sides to discuss a solution. But the regime kept up its assaults on opposition areas and protests, while the head of Syria's largest exile opposition group dismissed the U.N.'s plan as unrealistic.
The White House abruptly moved the G-8 session to Camp David earlier this spring, after months of planning for a Chicago venue. A desire for seclusion and intimacy was one reason and a gesture to Russia was another.
Russia is opposed to a NATO plan for a missile defense shield in Europe that will be detailed at the NATO summit Sunday in Chicago, causing Russian President Vladimir Putin to let NATO know he did not want to be invited to the alliance meeting.
Separating the two sessions was supposed to make it easier for Putin to attend one and not the other. But Putin made his own abrupt change, telling Obama last week that he would skip the gathering and send Medvedev in his place.
The administration denied speculation that the sessions were moved for security reasons. Past G-8 meetings have seen large and sometimes violent protests by activists opposed to the increasing globalization of world economies. Street violence overshadowed the 2001 summit in Genoa, Italy. Critics have accused the G-8 of representing the interests of an elite group of industrialized nations to the detriment of the needs of the wider world. Since Genoa, the meetings have been held in increasingly isolated locations to shield leaders from protests, playing into criticism of the G-8's closed-door image.
Obama, an infrequent visitor to Camp David, is putting the presidential hideaway on full display for the G-8, the largest gathering of foreign leaders ever to assemble there. The leaders will stroll leafy paths to rustic meetings halls and bed down in the 11 residential cabins. Four African leaders will join them for lunch Saturday.
The G-8 is made up of the leaders of the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Canada and Russia. The meetings began in 1975 at a forum instigated by France, where leaders of the six largest economic powers agreed to annual meetings. Canada joined a year later, making it the G-7. Russia was brought into the organization in 1997, six years after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The European Union is represented but is not granted the power to act as host of the annual sessions or to serve as the rotating leader.
Dr. Roberto Olivardia is a clinical instructor of psychology at Harvard Medical School and assistant psychologist at McLean Hospital in Belmont, Mass. He maintains a private psychotherapy practice in Arlington, Mass., where he specializes in the treatment of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and compulsive skin-picking. He also specializes in the treatment of eating disorders in boys and men. Dr. Olivardia is a co-author of The Adonis Complex, a book which details the various manifestations of body image problems in men, including eating disorders, BDD, steroid use, and cosmetic surgery.
What inspired you to specialize in eating disorders in men?
When I was an undergraduate at Tufts University, I took a seminar in eating disorders class. For my paper, I wrote about men and realized there was a scarcity in the scientific literature. I knew guys with eating disorders, none of whom sought treatment due to shame. I felt it was important to fill that gap of knowledge.
What are the differences in eating disorders in men versus eating disorders in women?
For the most part, they are similar, but there are differences. Men with eating disorders tend to have a history of being overweight, or being the ?chubby? kid. This is not the case typically for women with eating disorders. Men with anorexia are also more likely to carry an OCD diagnosis more often than women with anorexia. Bulimic men are less likely to use laxatives or diuretics and are more likely to use exercise as a method of purging, along with vomiting. I have also seen many men with eating disorders who also use anabolic steroids to cut fat and gain muscle.
Men with eating disorders have much shame around their eating disorder, feeling as if they are less masculine because of it. This results in men being less likely to ever seek treatment, or even tell anyone about their eating disorder.
Are men more likely to experience anorexia than bulimia, vice versa, or are they at equal risk?
Males with eating disorders are more likely going to fall in the categories of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. This is not to say that men cannot have anorexia nervosa, but it is far less common than the other two eating disorders among men.
Have you seen an increase in eating disorders amongst men? If so, to what factors do you attribute this?
Eating disorders among males have dramatically increased since the 1980s. We live in a culture where media imagery is just as directed toward young men as it is toward young women. Walk into an Abercrombie and Fitch store, and you will know exactly what I am talking about. Fitness is also more important these days than it was 40 years ago, since obesity rates have also skyrocketed. We are also a more visual culture, starting with MTV in the 1980s to YouTube today. Therefore, many men are responding to the demands to look a certain way.
What are men?s risk factors for developing an eating disorder?
Men who transition into puberty on the later side, as well as boys that find puberty and its demands (biologically, socially or sexually) overwhelming, are at higher risk for developing an eating disorder.
Personality characteristics such as perfectionism, high achievement orientation, and impulsivity are risk factors. Certain athletes are at risk, including wrestlers, dancers, and jockeys. Low self-esteem and assertiveness issues are common in men with eating disorders. Depression, OCD, and ADHD are also risk factors for eating disorders.
Is there a specific treatment modality or treatment center for eating disorders in men?
Eating disorders are complex and require a comprehensive treatment plan. Ideally, you want to create a treatment team composed of a psychologist, psychiatrist, family/couples therapist, nutritionist, and primary care physician. A combination of cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic therapies are most effective. There are treatment centers that work with men. However, many eating disorder facilities do not accept males, leaving boys and men with less options.
What message would you like to send out to men who may be experiencing an eating disorder?
I want boys and men with eating disorders to know that they are truly not alone. There are millions of males who struggle silently with their body image. It is nothing to be ashamed of. Also, treatment works.
Do not let eating disorders destroy you. Get help from an eating disorder specialist, preferably one that has treated males before.
What resources are available for locating an eating disorder specialist?
Academy for Eating Disorders: Find a Professional web tool
www.stephaniesarkis.com Copyright 2012 Sarkis Media LLC
If you?re struggling with an eating disorder, call the National Eating Disorders helpline at 1-800-931-2237.
For more by Stephanie Sarkis, Ph.D., click here.
For more on eating disorders, click here.
Link to the full article: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/stephanie-sarkis-phd/eating-disorders-men_b_1522209.html?ref=health-and-fitness&ir=Health%20and%20Fitness
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